Glacier de Zinal
Past extents come from the Swiss Glacier Inventories of 1850, 1931, 1973 and 2016. Future extents are illustrative: each glacier’s projected area (OGGM, median of CMIP6 climate models) is removed from its lowest ice upward. About the scenarios.
Glacier de Zinal is the 13th-largest glacier in Switzerland, covering 13.45 km² in the canton of Valais. Its ice spans 2,074 to 4,127 m and faces north. Its meltwater drains to the Rhône and on to the Mediterranean. In 1850, at the end of the Little Ice Age, it covered 17.92 km²; by 2016 it had lost 25% of that area. Its tongue has been measured 124 times since 1891. In total it has retreated 1,800 m, about 13.6 m a year. Between 1932 and 2023 its surface dropped by 40 m on average. With strong climate protection (SSP1-2.6), about 29% of its 2020 ice would remain in 2100. With very high emissions (SSP5-8.5) it would be gone around 2078. Its meltwater peaked around 2020.
In pictures
What remains in 2100
Meltwater
Million m³ of water per year, 11-year mean
The record
Length change since 1891
Position of the glacier tongue, measured in the field almost every year. Hover for each measurement.
Thinning since 1932
Average change in surface height, from comparing elevation models made from maps, aerial images and laser scans.
Facts
Area over time
Past areas are the ice body this glacier belonged to at the time. Projections: OGGM median, SSP2-4.5.
- SGI id
- B63-05
- Canton
- Valais
- River
- Rhône → Mediterranean
- Basin
- Anniviers & Turtmann
- Location
- 46.0580° N, 7.6390° E · swisstopo map
- Elevation
- 2,074–4,127 m, median 3,126 m
- Slope, aspect
- 23°, north
- Debris cover
- 2.62 km² (19% of the area)
- Inventory image
- 2016
- Ice volume (model)
- ≈ 0.687 km³ in 2020 (OGGM)
- RGI ids
- RGI60-11.02630, RGI60-11.02720, RGI60-11.02723, RGI60-11.02727
More in the Anniviers & Turtmann basin
- Turtmanngletscher zentral10.71 km²
- Glacier de Moming zentral5.43 km²
- Glacier de Moiry zentral5.00 km²
- Glacier du Weisshorn N1.70 km²
- Glacier du Weisshorn S1.28 km²
- Diablons Gletscher0.40 km²
- Unnamed glacier B60-240.27 km²
- Turtmanngletscher NW0.26 km²
- Stierbärg0.24 km²
- Pipjigletscher W0.23 km²
- Grand Cornier E0.15 km²
- Grand Cornier NE0.15 km²
Sources
- Linsbauer et al. (2021). The new Swiss Glacier Inventory SGI2016. Frontiers in Earth Science 9. doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.704189
- Mannerfelt et al. (2022). Halving of Swiss glacier volume since 1931 observed from terrestrial image photogrammetry. The Cryosphere 16. doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3249-2022
- GLAMOS – Glacier Monitoring Switzerland. www.glamos.ch
- Zekollari et al. (2024). Twenty-first century global glacier evolution under CMIP6 scenarios and the role of glacier-specific observations. The Cryosphere 18 (OGGM v1.6 projections). tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/5045/2024/
Relief: swisstopo swissALTIRegio. 1850 and 1973 outlines: Maisch et al. (2000), Müller et al. (1976), Paul (2004). Length, mass balance and volume change: GLAMOS releases 2025. All sources and methods.