Swiss glaciers 1850–2100

Jegigletscher NE

IceIce lost since 1850This glacier

Past extents come from the Swiss Glacier Inventories of 1850, 1931, 1973 and 2016. Future extents are illustrative: each glacier’s projected area (OGGM, median of CMIP6 climate models) is removed from its lowest ice upward. About the scenarios.

Inventory 1.33km² Area in 2016 · ±0% compared with 2016
Area 20161.33km²123rd largest
Elevation2,652–3,727mmedian 3,130 m
Length1.8kmfaces south-west
1850 ice body4.7km²now 3 glaciers
Tongue since 192149m4 measurements
Thinning 1986–2024−18maverage surface lowering
Ice left in 21002%of 2020 volume, SSP2-4.5

Jegigletscher NE is one of 1,400 glaciers in Switzerland, covering 1.33 km² in the canton of Valais. Its ice spans 2,652 to 3,727 m and faces south-west. Its meltwater drains to the Rhône and on to the Mediterranean. In 1850 it was part of a larger ice body of 4.7 km², which has since split into 3 glaciers covering 1.9 km² in 2016 (−59%). Its tongue has been measured 4 times since 1921. In total it has advanced 49 m, about 9.8 m a year. Between 1986 and 2024 its surface dropped by 18 m on average. With strong climate protection (SSP1-2.6), about 26% of its 2020 ice would remain in 2100. With very high emissions (SSP5-8.5) it would be gone around 2066. Its meltwater peaked around 2017.

Future

What remains in 2100

SSP1-2.6 · low emissions26%32% left in 2050
SSP2-4.5 · intermediate emissions2%33% left in 2050
SSP3-7.0 · high emissionsGoneIce gone around 2083
SSP5-8.5 · very high emissionsGoneIce gone around 2066
SSP1-2.6SSP2-4.5SSP3-7.0SSP5-8.5
0%25%50%75%100%2020204020602080210026%2%0%0%
Ice volume as a share of 2020, median of 14 climate models; shaded: middle two-thirds of models. OGGM v1.6.

Meltwater

Million m³ of water per year, 11-year mean

02.55.07.520102030205020702090
Water leaving the glacier area each year: ice melt, snowmelt and rain. It rises while the glacier melts faster, then falls as the ice runs out: “peak water”.
Measured

The record

Length change since 1921

Position of the glacier tongue, measured in the field almost every year. Hover for each measurement.

0 m10 m20 m30 m40 m50 m192549 m
GLAMOS Swiss Glacier Length Change, release 2025.

Thinning since 1986

Average change in surface height, from comparing elevation models made from maps, aerial images and laser scans.

−20 m−15 m−10 m−5 m0 m1990200020102020−18 m
GLAMOS Swiss Glacier Volume Change, release 2025.
Profile

Facts

Area over time

18504.67 km²19313.69 km²19732.46 km²20161.33 km²2050 · SSP2-4.50.57 km²2100 · SSP2-4.50.09 km²

Past areas are the ice body this glacier belonged to at the time. Projections: OGGM median, SSP2-4.5.

SGI id
B31-02
Canton
Valais
River
Rhône → Mediterranean
Basin
Lötschental–Aletsch
Location
46.4810° N, 7.9050° E · swisstopo map
Elevation
2,652–3,727 m, median 3,130 m
Slope, aspect
30°, south-west
Debris cover
0.05 km² (4% of the area)
Inventory image
2017
Ice volume (model)
≈ 0.032 km³ in 2020 (OGGM)
RGI ids
RGI60-11.01750
In 1850 joined with
Jegigletscher SW, Jegigletscher W
Sources

Sources

  1. Linsbauer et al. (2021). The new Swiss Glacier Inventory SGI2016. Frontiers in Earth Science 9. doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.704189
  2. Mannerfelt et al. (2022). Halving of Swiss glacier volume since 1931 observed from terrestrial image photogrammetry. The Cryosphere 16. doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3249-2022
  3. GLAMOS – Glacier Monitoring Switzerland. www.glamos.ch
  4. Zekollari et al. (2024). Twenty-first century global glacier evolution under CMIP6 scenarios and the role of glacier-specific observations. The Cryosphere 18 (OGGM v1.6 projections). tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/5045/2024/

Relief: swisstopo swissALTIRegio. 1850 and 1973 outlines: Maisch et al. (2000), Müller et al. (1976), Paul (2004). Length, mass balance and volume change: GLAMOS releases 2025. All sources and methods.

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