Glacier de Tortin zentral
Past extents come from the Swiss Glacier Inventories of 1850, 1931, 1973 and 2016. Future extents are illustrative: each glacier’s projected area (OGGM, median of CMIP6 climate models) is removed from its lowest ice upward. About the scenarios.
Glacier de Tortin zentral is one of 1,400 glaciers in Switzerland, covering 0.58 km² in the canton of Valais. Its ice spans 2,781 to 3,254 m and faces north-west. Its meltwater drains to the Rhône and on to the Mediterranean. In 1850, at the end of the Little Ice Age, it covered 1.40 km²; by 2016 it had lost 59% of that area. Its tongue has been measured 118 times since 1892. In total it has retreated 1,204 m, about 9.1 m a year. Its mass balance has been measured since 2015: on average −1.47 m of water equivalent per year, with the most negative year in 2022 (−4.08 m). Between 1988 and 2023 its surface dropped by 30 m on average. With strong climate protection (SSP1-2.6), about 0% of its 2020 ice would remain in 2100. With very high emissions (SSP5-8.5) it would be gone around 2041. Its meltwater peaked around 2023.
What remains in 2100
Meltwater
Million m³ of water per year, 11-year mean
The record
Length change since 1892
Position of the glacier tongue, measured in the field almost every year. Hover for each measurement.
Mass balance 2015–2025
Ice gained (blue) or lost (red) over the whole glacier each year, in metres of water equivalent. Measured with stakes drilled into the ice.
Thinning since 1988
Average change in surface height, from comparing elevation models made from maps, aerial images and laser scans.
Facts
Area over time
Past areas are the ice body this glacier belonged to at the time. Projections: OGGM median, SSP2-4.5.
- SGI id
- B75-12
- Canton
- Valais
- River
- Rhône → Mediterranean
- Basin
- Hérens & Nendaz
- Location
- 46.0810° N, 7.3120° E · swisstopo map
- Elevation
- 2,781–3,254 m, median 2,892 m
- Slope, aspect
- 18°, north-west
- Debris cover
- 0.00 km² (0% of the area)
- Inventory image
- 2016
- Ice volume (model)
- ≈ 0.020 km³ in 2020 (OGGM)
- RGI ids
- RGI60-11.02600
More in the Hérens & Nendaz basin
- Glacier du Mont Miné zentral10.05 km²
- Glacier de Ferpècle9.07 km²
- Bas Glacier d'Arolla5.07 km²
- Haut Glacier d'Arolla3.62 km²
- Glacier de Cheilon3.51 km²
- Glacier de Tsijiore Nouve zentral2.82 km²
- Glacier de la Vouasson zentral1.48 km²
- Glacier de l'En Darrey1.29 km²
- Glacier de Pièce1.28 km²
- Glacier de Bricola1.15 km²
- Glacier de la Dent Blanche1.10 km²
- Grand Désert1.09 km²
Sources
- Linsbauer et al. (2021). The new Swiss Glacier Inventory SGI2016. Frontiers in Earth Science 9. doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.704189
- Mannerfelt et al. (2022). Halving of Swiss glacier volume since 1931 observed from terrestrial image photogrammetry. The Cryosphere 16. doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3249-2022
- GLAMOS – Glacier Monitoring Switzerland. www.glamos.ch
- Zekollari et al. (2024). Twenty-first century global glacier evolution under CMIP6 scenarios and the role of glacier-specific observations. The Cryosphere 18 (OGGM v1.6 projections). tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/5045/2024/
Relief: swisstopo swissALTIRegio. 1850 and 1973 outlines: Maisch et al. (2000), Müller et al. (1976), Paul (2004). Length, mass balance and volume change: GLAMOS releases 2025. All sources and methods.